KoNIBP 재단법인 국가생명윤리정책원 (KOREA NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR BIOETHICS POLLICY)

참고사이트:  http://bioethics.georgetown.edu/databases/classcheme/classchemenum.pdf

Bioethics Research Library
Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University
Numerical Classification List
Revised March 2010

1.1 PHILOSOPHICAL ETHICS

1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Autonomy
1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Beneficence
1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Care, Ethics of
1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Caring (philosophical)
1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Casuistry
1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Confucianism
1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Discourse Ethics
1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Double Effect
1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ethics of Care (philosophical)
1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Evolutionary Ethics
1.1; 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . Feminist Ethics
1.1; 7.1 (7.2) . . . . . . . Humanism
1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Justice (Philosophy)
1.1; 1.3.5 . . . . . . . . . . Libertarianism
1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Moral Philosophy
1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Morality
1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Narrative Ethics
1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nonmaleficence
1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Philosophical Ethics
1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Philosophy in General
1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Postmodernism
1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Right to Privacy
1.1; 8.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . Schloendorff v. Society of New York Hospital (1914)  (autonomy)
1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Slippery Slope Argument
1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Social Justice
1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Virtue Ethics
1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wedge Argument

1.2 RELIGIOUS ETHICS

1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amish
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bahá’í
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Baptist
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Buddhism
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Catholicism
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chaplains
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Christian Science
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Eastern Orthodox Christianity
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Evangelical
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hinduism
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Islam
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jainism
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jehovah's W itness
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jews
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Judaism
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Latter Day Saints, Church of Jesus Christ of
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mennonite
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Methodist
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mormonism
1.2; 9.5.9 . . . . . . . . . . Peyote
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Presbyterian
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Protestantism
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Quaker
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Religious Ethics
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Roman Catholicism
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seventh Day Adventist
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Shamanism
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sikhism
1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unitarian Universalist

1.3.1 APPLIED AND PROFESSIONAL ETHICS GENERAL

1.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Anthropology
1.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Applied Ethics
1.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Archeology
1.3.1; 1.2 . . . . . . . . . . Clergy
1.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Common Good
1.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Communitarianism
1.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ethics in Fieldwork
1.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Moral Development
1.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Moral Education
1.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional Ethics (for professions not listed below)
1.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Social Ethics

1.3.2 BUSINESS ETHICS

1.3.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accounting Ethics
1.3.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Administrative Ethics in Business
1.3.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advertising Ethics
1.3.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Business Ethics
1.3.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ethics in Economics
1.3.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ethics in Industry
1.3.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Moral Responsibility of the Corporation
1.3.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Organizational Ethics
1.3.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Whistle-blowing in Business

1.3.3 EDUCATION ETHICS

(SN: Use this for ethics in schools, colleges, etc.; Not  for teaching ethics in other fields)
1.3.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Academic Freedom
1.3.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ethics in Education Bioethics Research Library Numerical Classification List
Note: Classification numbers in parentheses may be used to refine the search. 2
1.3.3 or 1.3.7 or 1.3.9 Plagiarism

1.3.4 ENGINEERING ETHICS

1.3.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ethics in Architecture
1.3.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ethics in Engineering

1.3.5 GOVERNMENT ETHICS

1.3.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Administrative Ethics in Government
1.3.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Criminal Justice
1.3.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ethics in Government
1.3.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ethics in Public Policy
1.3.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Forensic Medicine
1.3.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Military Ethics
1.3.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Organizational Ethics in Government
1.3.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Police Ethics
1.3.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Whistle-blowing in Government

1.3.6 INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS ETHICS

1.3.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ethics in Diplomacy
1.3.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ethics in International Affairs

1.3.7 JOURNALISM/MASS MEDIA ETHICS

1.3.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Editorial Policies
1.3.7; 1.3.9 . . . . . . . . Editorial Policies in Science Publishing
1.3.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ethics in Journalism
1.3.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ethics in Mass Media
1.3.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ethics in Publishing
1.3.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Journalistic Fraud
1.3.7 or 1.3.9 or 1.3.3 Plagiarism
1.3.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Media Ethics
1.3.7; 20.6 . . . . . . . . . Televised Executions
1.3.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Television Ethics

1.3.8 LEGAL ETHICS (See also 1.3.5)

1.3.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ethics in the Law
1.3.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal Justice

1.3.9 SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH ETHICS

1.3.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ethics in Scientific Research
1.3.9; 7.3; 1.3.2 . . . . . Financial Conflict of Interest, Scientists
1.3.9; 18.2; 9.7 . . . . . Fraud in Drug Trials
1.3.9; 18.2 . . . . . . . . . Fraud in Clinical Trials
1.3.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Peer Review, Research
1.3.9 or 1.3.3 or 1.3.7 Plagiarism
1.3.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scientific Fraud
1.3.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scientific Misconduct
1.3.9 (7.3) . . . . . . . . . Scientists' Conflict of Interest
1.3.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Whistle-blowing in Science

1.3.10 SOCIAL WORK ETHICS

1.3.11 AGRICULTURAL ETHICS

1.3.11 . . . . . . . . . . . . Ethics in Agriculture
1.3.11; 22.1 . . . . . . . . Farming and Animal Rights

1.3.12 INFORMATION SCIENCE ETHICS

1.3.12 . . . . . . . . . . . . Computer Science
1.3.12 (8.4) . . . . . . . . Computerized Medical Records
1.3.12; 9.1 . . . . . . . . . Computers in Medicine
1.3.12 . . . . . . . . . . . . Consumer Credit and Computer Privacy
1.3.12 . . . . . . . . . . . . Cyberethics
1.3.12 . . . . . . . . . . . . Library Ethics
1.3.12 (8.4) . . . . . . . . Medical Records Database
1.3.12 (8.4) . . . . . . . . Medical Records, Electronic
1.3.12 (8.4) . . . . . . . . Personal Health Records (PCRs)
1.3.12 . . . . . . . . . . . . Telemedicine

1.3.13 SOCIAL SCIENCES

1.3.13; 1.3.3 (18.4) . . SBER (Social, Behavioral, Educational Research)
1.3.13 . . . . . . . . . . . . Social Sciences Ethics
1.3.13 (18.2; 18.4) . . . Social Sciences Research
1.3.13; 18.4 (18.2) . . . SSBR (Social Science & Behavioral Research)

 

2.1 BIOETHICS, GENERAL

(SN: General value questions dealing with Medicine
and the Life Sciences. Use this category when three
or more topics (main headings) are contained in one
article).

2.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bioethics
2.1 (8.1; 9.6) . . . . . . . Clinical Ethics
2.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intervention Bioethics
2.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical Ethics
2.1; 6; 21.1 . . . . . . . . UNESCO Universal Declaration on Bioethics and Health Rights

2.2 HISTORY OF HEALTH ETHICS/BIOETHICS
(SN: Also used for historical writings on special topics
within bioethics)

2.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . History of Bioethics
2.2; 4.1.4 . . . . . . . . . . History of Dental Ethics
2.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . History of Health Ethics
2.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . History of Medical Ethics
2.2; 4.1.3 . . . . . . . . . . History of Nursing Ethics

2.3 BIOETHICS EDUCATION

2.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bioethics Proceedings
2.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bioethics Programs
2.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bioethics Textbooks
2.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Case Studies (as a teaching method)
2.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Curriculum
2.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Teaching Methods

2.4 BIOETHICS COMMISSIONS/COUNCILS
(SN: Used for works both “by” and “about” them. For
works “by” them, use 2.4 as a secondary number. For
works “about” them, use 2.4 as the primary number.).

2.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bioethics Boards
2.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bioethics Commissions
2.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bioethics Councils
2.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bioethics Proceedings
2.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . National Bioethics Committees

3.1 PHILOSOPHY OF BIOLOGY
(SN: Analysis of the concepts and methods used in
biology; life forms — based on biological or chemical
make-up).

3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Biology, Philosophy of
3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Human Nature Theories
3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mind-Body Problem

3.2 CREATION AND EVOLUTION

3.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Creation
3.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Creationism
3.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Evolution
3.2; 1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . Intelligent Design

4.1.1 THEORY AND PRACTICE OF THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS, GENERAL

4.1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Allied Health Personnel
4.1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alternative Therapies
4.1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . CAM (Complementary Alternative Medicine)
4.1.1; 4.1.3 . . . . . . . . Care, Ethics of (with healthcare workers)
4.1.1; 4.1.3 . . . . . . . . Caring (by healthcare workers)
4.1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Compassion
4.1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Complementary Alternative Therapies
4.1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Holistic Medicine
4.1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medicine from Different Countries
4.1.1; 1.2 (1.3.1; 7.3) . Professional Ethics, Clergy in Health Care
4.1.1; 1.3.1 . . . . . . . . Professionalism in Allied Healthcare Professionals
4.1.1; 17.1; 1.3.1 . . . . Psychology, Professional Ethics
4.1.1; 1.2 . . . . . . . . . . Spiritual Healing                                                                                                                                                4.1.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unconventional Therapies
4.1.1; 22.1 . . . . . . . . . Veterinary Ethics

4.1.2 THEORY AND PRACTICE OF MEDICINE

4.1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accountability in Medicine
4.1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medicine as a Profession
4.1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Physician’s Role, General
4.1.2; 1.3.1 . . . . . . . . Professional Ethics, Physicians
4.1.2; 17.1; 1.3.1 . . . . Professional Ethics, Psychiatry
4.1.2; 1.3.1 . . . . . . . . Professionalism in Medicine/Physicians
4.1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Value of Medicine

4.1.3 THEORY AND PRACTICE OF NURSING

4.1.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accountability in Nursing
4.1.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Midwives
4.1.3 (7.1; 8.1; 16.3) . Moral Distress in Nursing
4.1.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nursing as a Profession
4.1.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nursing Ethics
4.1.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nursing, Philosophy of
4.1.3; 1.3.1 . . . . . . . . Professionalism in Nursing/Nurses

4.1.4 THEORY AND PRACTICE OF DENTISTRY

4.1.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Accountability in Dentistry
4.1.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dental Ethics
4.1.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dentistry as a Profession
4.1.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dentists, Philosophy of
4.1.4; 1.3.1 . . . . . . . . Professional Ethics, Dentists
4.1.4; 1.3.1 . . . . . . . . Professionalism in Dentistry/Dentists

4.2 CONCEPT OF HEALTH

4.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Concept of Disease
4.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Concept of Illness
4.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Holistic Health

4.3 CONCEPT OF MENTAL HEALTH

4.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Competence, Definition of
4.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Concept of Mental Health
4.3; 17.7 . . . . . . . . . . Dangerousness
4.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Incompetence, Definition of
4.3; 1.3.5 . . . . . . . . . . Insanity Plea

4.4 VALUE/QUALITY OF LIFE/PERSONHOOD

4.4 (15.8; 19.1) . . . . . Body as Property
4.4 (9.3.1) . . . . . . . . . Commodification
4.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consciousness
4.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Embryo, Status of
4.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Human Dignity
4.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Humanness
4.4 (19.5) . . . . . . . . . . Ownership of Body Parts
4.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pain
4.4; 9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . Palliative Care, Non-Terminal Illness
4.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Personhood
4.4 (15.8 or 19.1) . . . . Property Rights - Body Parts
4.4; 9.4 . . . . . . . . . . . QALYs
4.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Quality of Life
4.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Right to Life (not Right to Life  Movement, which is 12.3)
4.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sanctity of Life
4.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Suffering
4.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Value of Life

4.5 ENHANCEMENT   (For genetic enhancement see 15.1)

4.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Enhancement, General

5.1 SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY
(For biotechnology and genetics see 15.1)

5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Basic Research
5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Biotechnology, General
5.1; 1.3.11 (15.7) . . . . Biotechnology and Agriculture
5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Biotechnology and Society
5.1 (4.4) . . . . . . . . . . . Cyborgs
5.1; 1.3.5 . . . . . . . . . . Expert Testimony, Scientific
5.1 (1.3.12; 4.4; 5.4; 8.4). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Implantable Radiofrequency Identification (RFID) Tags in Humans
5.1; 1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . Science and Religion
5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Science and Values
5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Science, Philosophy Of
5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Technology and Society

5.2 TECHNOLOGY/RISK ASSESSMENT
(For Precautionary Principle add 5.2)

5.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cost-Benefit Analysis in Technology
5.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Risk Assessment
5.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Risk-Benefit Studies
5.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Technology Assessment

5.3 SOCIAL CONTROL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Academic-Industrial Cooperation
5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Conflict of Interest, Institutional
5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Control of Science and Technology, Social
5.3; 1.3.2 . . . . . . . . . . Financial Conflict of Interest, Institutional
5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Freedom of Information Act
5.3 (1.3.9; 1.3.7) . . . . Intellectual Property
5.3; 9.1; LE . . . . . . . . Patenting Surgical Procedures
5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Patents
5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Public Attitudes Toward  S & T
5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Public Comments on S & T
5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Public Influence on S & T
5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Public Opinion on S & T
5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Public Perspectives on S & T
5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Public Views of S & T
5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . R & D Funding
5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Research Funding
5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Science Policy
5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Technology Transfer

5.4 NANOTECHNOLOGY

5.4 (4.4; 5.2; 5.3; 9.1; 9.7; 18.1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nanotechnology/Nanoethics

6 CODES OF/POSITION STATEMENTS ON PROFESSIONAL ETHICS
(SN: Includes the codes and articles about codes; see
18.2 for guidelines on human experimentation).

6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ethical Guidelines
6 (4.1.2) . . . . . . . . . . . Hippocratic Oath
6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Position Statements on  Professional Ethics
6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional Ethics, Codes of

7.1 SOCIOLOGY OF HEALTH CARE

7.1 (21.7) . . . . . . . . . . Anthropology, Medical
7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Community Responsibility of Health Personnel
7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Epidemiology
7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ethnography and Medicine
7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ethnology and Medicine
7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fiction and Medicine
7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Film and Medicine
7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . History of Medicine
7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Humanities and Medicine
7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Infant Mortality
7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Literature and Medicine
7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical Humanities
7.1; 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . Medicine, W omen in
7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Physician's View of His/Her Work
7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Poetry and Medicine
7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Publicity and Physicians
7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Right to Strike
7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Role of Medicine
7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Social Discrimination
7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Statistics
7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unions for Healthcare Personnel
7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women in Medicine
7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women in Science

7.2 EDUCATION FOR HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS

7.2; 20.3.2 . . . . . . . . . Cadavers in Medical Education
7.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education, Medical
7.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Education, Nursing
7.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Flexner
7.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Internship
7.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical Education
7.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nursing Education
7.2; 21.4 . . . . . . . . . . Pernkopf’ Atlas
7.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Residency

7.3 PROFESSIONAL - PROFESSIONAL RELATIONSHIP

7.3; 1.3.5 . . . . . . . . . . Expert Testimony, Medical                                                                                                                                7.3; 1.3.2 . . . . . . . . . . Financial Conflict of Interest, Physicians
7.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Physician-Nurse Relationship
7.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Physician-Physician Relationship
7.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Physician's Conflict of Interest
7.3; 9.8 . . . . . . . . . . . Whistle-blowing in Medicine

7.4 PROFESSIONAL MISCONDUCT

7.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Disciplining of Professionals
7.4; (9.5.9; 7.3) . . . . . Impaired Health Care Professionals
7.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Misconduct by Health Care Professionals
7.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Misconduct, Physicians
7.4; 10 (8.1) . . . . . . . . Physician Misconduct, Sexual
7.4; 10; 17.2 (8.1) . . . Physician Misconduct (Psychiatry), Sexual
7.4; 9.5.9 . . . . . . . . . . Substance Abuse by Health Care Professionals

8.1 PATIENT RELATIONSHIPS

8.1; 1.3.2 . . . . . . . . . . Advertising and Physicians
8.1; 1.1; 7.1 . . . . . . . . Care by Family Members
8.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Decision Making, Patient Participation
8.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Duty to Treat (use 9.5.6 first with AIDS)
8.1; 7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . Family Care of Patients
8.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Family-Patient Relationships
8.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Professionals' Obligation to Treat (use 9.5.6 first with AIDS)
8.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Professionals' Right to Refuse to Treat (use 9.5.6 first with AIDS)
8.1; 7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . Health Promotion
8.1 (1.3.12; 9.3.2) . . . Medical Information
8.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical Power
8.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Patient Relationships
8.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Patient-Professional Relationship, General
8.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Physician-Patient Relationship
8.1; 9.8 . . . . . . . . . . . Patient Satisfaction/ Preference
8.1; 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . Physician-Patient Sexual Relations
8.1; 4.1.3 . . . . . . . . . . Nurse-Patient Relationship

8.2 TRUTH DISCLOSURE
(SN: telling a patient the truth about prognosis or disease).

8.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Breaking Bad News
8.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deception
8.2; 9.8 . . . . . . . . . . . Disclosure of Adverse Effects
8.2; 9.8 . . . . . . . . . . . Disclosure of Medical Error
8.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Patient Access to Medical Records
8.2; 9.7 . . . . . . . . . . . Patient Package Inserts
8.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Placebos (when not in clinical trials, use 18.3 for this)
8.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Right Not to Know
8.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truth Disclosure
8.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Truth-Telling

 
8.3.1 INFORMED CONSENT, GENERAL

8.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Canterbury v. Spence (1972)
8.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consent, Informed, General
8.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consent to High Risk Therapy
8.3.1; 18.3 . . . . . . . . . Consent to Unusual Therapy
8.3.1; 9.7 . . . . . . . . . . Immunization Risk Disclosure
8.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Risk Disclosure
8.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Salgo v. Leland Stanford Jr. University Board of Trustees (1957)

8.3.2 MINORS/PARENTAL CONSENT

8.3.2; 12.4.1 . . . . . . . Assent of Minors & Abortion
8.3.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Assent of Minors in Health Care
8.3.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Minors and Consent to Treatment
8.3.2; 14.4; 19.5; 15.2 Nash Case (conceive child to be bone marrow donor for sibling, confirmed with prenatal diagnosis)
8.3.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Parental Consent
8.3.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Parental Rights

8.3.3 THIRD PARTY CONSENT

8.3.3; 20.5.1 . . . . . . . Brophy v. New England Sinai Hospital (1986)
8.3.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Competence
8.3.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consent, Family Members
8.3.3; 8.3.4; 20.5.1 . . Cruzan v. Director, Missouri Department of Health (1990)
8.3.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Family, Consent to Treatment by
8.3.3; 20.5.1 . . . . . . . In re Quinlan (1976)
8.3.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Incompetence
8.3.3; 20.5.1 . . . . . . . Matter of Jobes (1987)
8.3.3; 20.5.1 . . . . . . . Matter of Conroy (1985)
8.3.3; 20.5.1 . . . . . . . Matter of Eichner (1981)
8.3.3; 8.3.4 . . . . . . . . Matter of Storar (1981)
8.3.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Proxy Consent
8.3.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Spousal Consent
8.3.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Substituted Judgment
8.3.3; 8.3.4 . . . . . . . . Superintendent of Belchertown State School v. Saikewicz (1977)
8.3.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Third Party Consent

8.3.4 RIGHT TO REFUSE TREATMENT

8.3.4; 20.7 . . . . . . . . . Bouvia v. Superior Court (1986)
8.3.4; 1.2 . . . . . . . . . . Christian Science Treatment Refusal
8.3.4 (9.2; 8.3.1) . . . . Coercion in Healthcare
8.3.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Compliance
8.3.4; 20.7 . . . . . . . . . Dax Cowart (not a legal case)
8.3.4; 20.6 . . . . . . . . . Death Row Inmates, Refusal of Treatment
8.3.4 or 17.8 . . . . . . . Enforced Treatment
8.3.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Force Feeding of Non-Prisoners
8.3.4; 8.3.2; 1.2 . . . . . Jehovah’s W itness, Treatment Refusal by/for Minors
8.3.4; 19.4; 1.2 . . . . . Jehovah's W itness, Treatment Refusal of Blood Products
8.3.4; 19.5 . . . . . . . . . McFall v. Shimp (1978)
8.3.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Non-Compliance
8.3.4 or 9.5.9 . . . . . . . Patient Compliance
8.3.4; 19.4; 1.2 . . . . . Refusal of Blood by Jehovah's W itnesses
8.3.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Treatment Refusal
8.3.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Treatment Refusal by Health Care Workers
8.3.4; 8.3.2 . . . . . . . . Treatment Refusal by/for Minors
8.3.4; 8.3.2; 1.2 . . . . . Treatment Refusal by/for Minors, Jehovah’s W itness
8.3.4; 8.3.2; 1.2 . . . . . Treatment Refusal by/for Minors on Religious Grounds
8.3.4; 1.2 . . . . . . . . . . Treatment Refusal on Religious Grounds

8.3.5 INFORMED CONSENT (BILLS, LAWS AND CASES)

8.4 CONFIDENTIALITY
(Use as secondary number with AIDS)

8.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adoption (confidentiality aspects)
8.4; 1.3.12 . . . . . . . . . Computers and Privacy of Medical Records
8.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Confidentiality
8.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contact Tracing
8.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Duty to Warn (use 9.5.6 first with AIDS)
8.4; 4.3; 17.2 . . . . . . . Duty to W arn in Psychiatry
8.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care and Privacy
8.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
8.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mandatory Reporting
8.4; 1.3.12 . . . . . . . . . Medical Records, Privacy
8.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Privacy
8.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Privileged Communication
8.4; 17.1 . . . . . . . . . . Privileged Psychiatric Communication
8.4; 17.2; 4.3 . . . . . . . Tarasoff v. Regents of the University of California (1976)

8.5 MALPRACTICE

8.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Malpractice
8.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Negligence
8.5; 9.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . No-Fault Compensation
8.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tort Reform

9.1 HEALTH CARE, GENERAL

9.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Banning of Boxing
9.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consumerism and Health
9.1 (9.4; 9.2; 7.1; 9.5.+; 21.1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Disparities, Health
9.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health and Consumerism
9.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care, General
9.1; 1.3.12 (8.4) . . . . . Health Care Information Systems
9.1 or 9.3.1 . . . . . . . . Health Care Reform
9.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Education
9.1; 1.3.3 . . . . . . . . . . Health Education in Schools
9.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Policy
9.1; 7.1 . . . . . . . . . . . Health Promotion
9.1; 1.3.13 . . . . . . . . . Health Services Research
9.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Helmets
9.1; 1.3.2 . . . . . . . . . . Hospitals and Institutional Ethics
9.1; 8.3.4; 9.7 . . . . . . Jacobson v. Massachusetts (1905)
9.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mandated Public Health
9.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mass Screening
9.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical Care Systems
9.1; 1.3.2 . . . . . . . . . . Organizational Ethics in  Health Care
9.1; 21.1 . . . . . . . . . . Pandemics
9.1; 1.2 . . . . . . . . . . . Pastoral Care
9.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Paternalistic Health Care Policies
9.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Patient Advocates
9.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Preventive Medicine
9.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Primary Care
9.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Public Advocacy
9.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Public Health
9.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Public Health, Mandated
9.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Quarantine
9.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Seatbelts
9.1; 1.2 (8.1) . . . . . . . Spirituality in Medicine
9.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Violence

9.2 RIGHT TO HEALTH CARE

9.2 (9.3.1; 9.4) . . . . . . Access to Health Care
9.2; 9.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . Chaoulli v. Quebec
9.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care, Right to
9.2; 9.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . Patient Admission
9.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Patients' Bill of Rights
9.2; 1.3.5; 9.5.1 . . . . . Prisoners, Right to Health Care

9.3.1 ECONOMICS OF HEALTH CARE, GENERAL

9.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cost of Health Care
9.3.1 (9.4) . . . . . . . . . Defensive Medicine
9.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diagnostic-Related Groups
9.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . DRGs
9.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Economics of Health Care
9.3.1; 7.3; 1.3.2 . . . . . Fee Splitting
9.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care Financing
9.3.1 or 9.1 . . . . . . . . Health Care Reform
9.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Insurance
9.3.1; 9.5.10 . . . . . . . Medicaid
9.3.1; 9.5.2 . . . . . . . . Medicare
9.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . National Health Insurance
9.3.1; 9.2 . . . . . . . . . . Patient Dumping
9.3.1; 9.2 . . . . . . . . . . Patient Transfer
9.3.1; 7.3; 1.3.2 . . . . . Physician Ownership of Medical Facilities
9.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Remuneration
9.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Socialized Medicine
9.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Uninsured

9.3.2 MANAGED CARE

9.3.2 (9.2; 9.3.1; 9.4; 18.5.1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Access to Experimental Treatment by HMOs
9.3.2; 9.4; 9.8 . . . . . . Capitation
9.3.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Maintenance Organizations
9.3.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . HMOs
9.3.2; 1.3.2 . . . . . . . . Organizational Ethics in Managed Care
9.3.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . PPOs (Preferred Provider Organizations)

9.4 ALLOCATION OF HEALTH CARE RESOURCES

9.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CMCHS (Civilian-Military Hospital Plans)
9.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Decision Making in Medicine
9.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Decision Making in Resource Allocation
9.4; 8.1; 9.8 . . . . . . . . Fundholding
9.4; 8.1; 9.8 . . . . . . . . Gatekeeping by Physicians
9.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care Resource Allocation
9.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lifeboat Ethics
9.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical Manpower Shortage
9.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rationing
9.4; 9.5.2 . . . . . . . . . . Rationing by Age
9.4; 9.2 . . . . . . . . . . . Selection for Treatment
9.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Triage

9.5.1 HEALTH CARE FOR PARTICULAR DISEASES OR GROUPS, GENERAL
(SN: Diseases are listed under 9.5.1 unless the major emphasis of an article is on the screening, counseling, or diagnosis of a genetic disease, in which case a 15.1, 15.2 or 15.3 number will be used first, in conjunction with 9.5.1)

9.5.1; 4.5 . . . . . . . . . . Anabolic Steroids (use by athletes)
9.5.1; 4.5 . . . . . . . . . . Athletes, Steroid Use
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cancer
9.5.1; 10 (8.3.4, 8.3.3) Castration, Surgical                                                                                                                                           9.5.1 [add or under 4.5] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cosmetic Surgery
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cystic Fibrosis
9.5.1; 4.1.4 . . . . . . . . Dental Health
9.5.1; 4.5 . . . . . . . . . . Doping, Athletes
9.5.1; 4.5; 15.1 . . . . . Doping in Sports, Gene
9.5.1; 4.5 . . . . . . . . . . Doping, Sports
9.5.1; 15.1 . . . . . . . . . Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Emergency Care
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Family Practice
9.5.1; 15.1; 4.5 . . . . . Gene Doping in Sports
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . German Measles
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Growth Disorders
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for Chronically Ill
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for Critically Ill
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for Military Personnel
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for Particular Diseases or Groups, General
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for Physically Disabled Persons
9.5.1; 1.3.5 . . . . . . . . Health Care for Prisoners
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heart Disease
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hemophilia
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hepatitis
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home Care (use more specific number if applicable to group)
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home Care for Physically Disabled
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Illegal Immigrants, Health Care for
9.5.1; 9.7 . . . . . . . . . . Immunization (as health care program)
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Leukemia
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long Term Care, General (use more specific number if applicable to group)
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long Term Care for the Handicapped
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long Term Care for the Physically Disabled
9.5.1; 10 . . . . . . . . . . Male Circumcision
9.5.1; 9.7; 9.5.9 . . . . . Marijuana Use, Medical
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Measles, German
9.5.1; 15.1 . . . . . . . . . Muscular Dystrophy
9.5.1; 15.1 . . . . . . . . . Neural Tube Defects
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nursing Homes (use more specific number if applicable to group)
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nursing Homes for the Physically Disabled
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Phenylketonuria
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . PKU
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . PKU Treatment
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Plastic Surgery
9.5.1; 1.3.5 . . . . . . . . Prison Health Care
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rehabilitation Medicine
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rural Health Care
9.5.1; 10 . . . . . . . . . . Sexually Transmitted Diseases (except AIDS)
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sickle Cell Anemia
9.5.1; 15.1 . . . . . . . . . Spina Bifida
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sports Medicine
9.5.1; 9.5.9 . . . . . . . . Steroids Use by Athletes
9.5.1; 10 . . . . . . . . . . Syphilis
9.5.1; 15.1 . . . . . . . . . Tay Sachs Disease
9.5.1; 15.1 . . . . . . . . . Thalassemia
9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tuberculosis
9.5.1; 10 . . . . . . . . . . Venereal Diseases

9.5.2 HEALTH CARE PROGRAMS FOR THE AGED

9.5.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aged, Health Care Programs for the
9.5.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home Care for the Aged
9.5.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long Term Care for the Aged
9.5.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nursing Homes for the Aged

9.5.3 HEALTH CARE FOR MENTALLY DISABLED PERSONS

9.5.3; 4.4; 8.3.2; 9.5.7 Ashley (little girl whose parents decide to keep her small and infant-like with Attenuating Growth Therapy)
9.5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Developmentally Disabled, Health Care for
9.5.3 (15.2) . . . . . . . . Down Syndrome
9.5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Home Care for the Mentally Disabled
9.5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long Term Care for the Mentally Disabled
9.5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Long Term Care for the Mentally Handicapped
9.5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mental Retardation
9.5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nursing Homes for the Mentally Disabled
9.5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pillow Angel

9.5.4 HEALTH CARE PROGRAMS FOR MINORITY GROUPS

9.5.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Aborigines, Health Care for
9.5.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for African Americans
9.5.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for American Indians
9.5.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for Asian Americans
9.5.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for Hispanic Americans
9.5.4 (9.5.10) . . . . . . . Health Care for Immigrants
9.5.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for Minorities (Ethnic Groups)
9.5.4; 10 . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for Minorities (Gender-Based)
9.5.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for Minority Groups
9.5.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for Native Americans
9.5.4 (9.2) . . . . . . . . . Racial Equity in Health Care
9.5.4 (9.4; 9.2) . . . . . . Racial Health Disparities

9.5.5 HEALTH CARE PROGRAMS FOR WOMEN

9.5.5; 8.3.4 . . . . . . . . A.C., In re
9.5.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cesarean Sections
9.5.5; 8.3.4 . . . . . . . . Cesarean Sections, Forced
9.5.5; 9.5.7; 10 (21.7; 1.2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Circumcision, Female
9.5.5; 9.5.9 . . . . . . . . Drug Abuse by Pregnant Women
9.5.5; 9.5.7; 10 (21.7; 1.2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Female Circumcision
9.5.5; 8.3.4 . . . . . . . . Forced Medical Intervention
9.5.5; 9.5.8; 8.3.4 . . . Forced Medical Interventions on Pregnant Women
9.5.5; 10 (9.5.7; 21.7; 1.2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Genital Mutilation, Female
9.5.5; 8.3.4 . . . . . . . . In re A.C.
9.5.5; 9.5.8 (1.3.5; 8.3.2; 9.5.9; 20.5.1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Maternal-Fetal Conflict
9.5.5; 9.5.8 . . . . . . . . Prenatal Testing/Diagnosis, Non-Genetic
9.5.5; 10 (1.3.5; 9.5.1) Rape
9.5.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Treatment of Pregnant Women
9.5.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, Health Care Programs for

9.5.6 ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME OR HIV INFECTION

9.5.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . AIDS
9.5.6; 8.4 . . . . . . . . . . AIDS & Confidentiality
9.5.6; 21.1 . . . . . . . . . AIDS and Immigration
9.5.6; 19.4 . . . . . . . . . AIDS and Impact on Blood Banks
9.5.6; 8.1 . . . . . . . . . . AIDS and Patient's Duty to Disclose
9.5.6; 9.5.1 . . . . . . . . AIDS and Prisoners
9.5.6; 8.4 . . . . . . . . . . AIDS Disclosure
9.5.6; 9.7 . . . . . . . . . . AIDS Drugs
9.5.6; 9.7; 18.5.1 . . . . AIDS Drugs (expedited FDA approval)
9.5.6; 19.4 . . . . . . . . . AIDS from Blood Transfusion
9.5.6; 16.3 . . . . . . . . . AIDS in the Workplace
9.5.6; 7.1 . . . . . . . . . . AIDS Stigma
9.5.6; 9.7 . . . . . . . . . . AIDS Vaccines
9.5.6; 9.7 . . . . . . . . . . AZT (AIDS drug)
9.5.6; 8.1 . . . . . . . . . . Bragdon v. Abbott (1998)
9.5.6 (8.2 or 8.4) . . . . Disclosure & AIDS
9.5.6; 8.1 . . . . . . . . . . Duty to Treat & AIDS
9.5.6; 8.4 . . . . . . . . . . Duty to Warn & AIDS
9.5.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for AIDS Patients
9.5.6; 8.1 . . . . . . . . . . Health Professionals' Obligation to Treat AIDS Patients
9.5.6; 8.1 . . . . . . . . . . Health Professionals' Right to Refuse to Treat AIDS Patients
9.5.6; 8.1 . . . . . . . . . . Herdrich v. Pegram (1998)
9.5.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . HIV Infection
9.5.6; 9.1 . . . . . . . . . . HIV Screening
9.5.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection
9.5.6; 16.3 . . . . . . . . . Occupational Exposure to AIDS
9.5.6; 18.5.1 . . . . . . . Research on AIDS Patients

9.5.7 HEALTH CARE FOR MINORS

9.5.7; 9.1 . . . . . . . . . . Child Abuse
9.5.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for Adolescents
9.5.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for Children
9.5.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for Infants
9.5.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for Minors
9.5.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for Newborns
9.5.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for Teenagers

9.5.8 HEALTH CARE FOR FETUSES

9.5.8; 9.5.5 (1.2; 8.3.4; 9.5.9; 20.5.1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fetal-Maternal Conflict
9.5.8; 4.4 . . . . . . . . . . Fetal Rights
9.5.8; 9.5.5 (18.5.4) . . Fetal Surgery
9.5.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for Fetuses
9.5.8; 9.5.5; 16.3 . . . . International Union, U.A.W. v. Johnson Controls (1991)
9.5.8; 9.5.5; 16.3 . . . . Johnson Controls Case (pregnant women’s right to work)

9.5.9 HEALTH CARE FOR SUBSTANCE ABUSERS/USERS OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES

9.5.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alcohol Abuse
9.5.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Drug Abuse
9.5.9; 9.5.8; 8.3.4 . . . Ferguson v. City of Charleston (2000)
9.5.9; 9.5.5; 9.5.8 . . . Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
9.5.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for Drug Abusers
9.5.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for Substance Abusers
9.5.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for Users of Controlled Substances
9.5.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Marijuana Use
9.5.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Needle Exchange Programs
9.5.9 or 8.3.4 . . . . . . . Patient Compliance
9.5.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Smoking
9.5.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Substance Abuse
9.5.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tobacco Use

9.5.10 HEALTH CARE FOR INDIGENTS

9.5.10 . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for Indigents
9.5.10 . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for the Homeless
9.5.10 . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care for the Poor

9.6 ETHICS COMMITTEES/CONSULTATION

9.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clinical Ethicists
9.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consultation and Referral
9.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ethics Committees in Hospitals
9.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ethics Consultation
9.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hospital Ethics Committees
9.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Referral and Consultation

9.7 DRUGS AND DRUG INDUSTRY

9.7; 1.3.2 . . . . . . . . . . Drug Advertising
9.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Drug Industry
9.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Drugs
9.7; 1.3.2; 9.3.1 . . . . . Gifts to Physicians, Drug Industry
9.7; 9.5.7 . . . . . . . . . . Growth Hormones
9.7; 9.5.7 . . . . . . . . . . HPV (Human papillomavirus) Vaccine
9.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Immunizations (as drugs)
9.7; 9.5.7 . . . . . . . . . . Infant Formula Industry
9.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kits, Testing
9.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Laetrile
9.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical Devices
9.7; 9.3.1; 1.3.2 . . . . . Orphan Drugs
9.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pharmacists
9.7; 1.3.11 (15.7) . . . . PMV (plant-made vaccines)
9.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vaccines
9.7; 9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . Vaccinations
9.7; 9.5.6 . . . . . . . . . . Zidovine (AZT)

9.8 QUALITY OF HEALTH CARE

9.8; 1.3.12; 4.4; 9.4 . . APACHE Program
9.8; 9.4 . . . . . . . . . . . Clinical Guidelines
9.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Consensus Guidelines
9.8; 8.2 . . . . . . . . . . . Disclosure of Adverse Effects
9.8 (7.1; 8.5) . . . . . . . Error, Medical
9.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Evidence-Based Medicine
9.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ghost Surgery
9.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Health Care, Quality of
9.8; 9.1 . . . . . . . . . . . Iatrogenic Illness
9.8; 8.5 . . . . . . . . . . . Laboratory Negligence
9.8 (7.1; 8.5) . . . . . . . Medical Error
9.8; 8.2 . . . . . . . . . . . Medical Error, Disclosure of

9.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Outcomes Prediction
9.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Patient Safety
9.8; 7.3 . . . . . . . . . . . Peer Review
9.8; 7.3 . . . . . . . . . . . Peer Review Committees
9.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Practice Guidelines
9.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Professional Standards Review Organization (PSRO)
9.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PSROs
9.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Quality of Health Care
9.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Safety, Patient
9.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Salesmen in the Operating Room
9.8 (9.4; 4.4) . . . . . . . Treatment Outcomes
9.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unnecessary Medical Procedures

10 SEXUALITY/GENDER

10; 9.5.7 . . . . . . . . . . Adolescent Sexuality
10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bisexuality
10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Feminism
10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GBLT (gay, bisexual, lesbian, transgender)
10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gender
10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hermaphroditism
10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Homosexuality
10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Incest
10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intersex
10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intersexuality
10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lesbianism
10; 9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . Sex Change Surgery
10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sex Discrimination
10; 1.3.3 . . . . . . . . . . Sex Education in Schools
10; 9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . Sex Reassignment Surgery
10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transgender
10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transsexualism

11.1 CONTRACEPTION, GENERAL

11.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Birth Control, General
11.1; 9.7 (4.1.1) . . . . . Conscientious Objection, Pharmacy
11.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contraception
11.1; 9.7; 8.3.4 . . . . . Contraceptives, Involuntary Use
11.1; 9.7; 8.3.4; 1.3.5 Contraceptives, Involuntary Use of (as part of criminal  sentence)
11.1; 9.7 . . . . . . . . . . Emergency Contraception
11.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Family Planning
11.1; 1.1 . . . . . . . . . . Griswold v. Connecticut (1965)
11.1; 9.7 . . . . . . . . . . Morning After Pill
11.1; 9.7 . . . . . . . . . . Norplant (5-year contraceptive implant)
11.1; 9.7; 1.3.5 . . . . . Norplant (as part of a criminal sentence)
11.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pill (contraception)

11.2 AVAILABILITY OF CONTRACEPTIVES TO MINORS

11.2; 1.3.3 . . . . . . . . . Condom Distribution in Schools
11.2; 1.3.3 . . . . . . . . . Contraceptive Distribution in Schools
11.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contraceptives to Minors, Availability of
11.2; 9.5.7 . . . . . . . . . Fertility, Adolescent
11.2; 8.3.2 . . . . . . . . . Parental Notification of Contraception

11.3 STERILIZATION

11.3; 15.5 . . . . . . . . . Buck v. Bell (1927)
11.3; 1.2 . . . . . . . . . . Conscience Clauses re: Sterilization
11.3; 8.3.4 . . . . . . . . . Involuntary Sterilization
11.3; 15.5 . . . . . . . . . Skinner v. Oklahoma
11.3; 9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . Sterilization of Physically Disabled Persons
11.3; 9.5.3 . . . . . . . . . Sterilization of Mentally Disabled Persons
11.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Voluntary Sterilization

11.4 FAILURE OF CONTRACEPTION

(SN: Right to sue with regard to fetal injuries; prenatal injuries resulting in defective child. Wrongful birth:
unintended birth with failure of contraceptives, or defective child due to prescribed drugs).

11.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Contraception, Failure of
11.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prenatal Injury
11.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wrongful Birth

12.1 ABORTION, GENERAL

12.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Abortion, General
12.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Abortion, Partial Birth
12.1; 9.7 . . . . . . . . . . Abortion Pill (RU-486)
12.1; 14.1 . . . . . . . . . Abortion, Selective (in multiple pregnancies)
12.1; 9.7 . . . . . . . . . . Mifepristone
12.1; 14.1 . . . . . . . . . Pregnancy Reduction (in multiple pregnancies)
12.1; 9.7 . . . . . . . . . . RU-486 (abortion pill)
12.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Therapeutic Abortion

12.2 POSITION STATEMENTS ON ABORTION

12.3 MORAL AND RELIGIOUS ASPECTS OF ABORTION

12.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Moral Aspects of Abortion
12.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pro-Choice Movement
12.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pro-Life Movement
12.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Religious Aspects of Abortion
12.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Right to Life Movement

12.4.1 LEGAL ASPECTS OF ABORTION, GENERAL

12.4.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Abortion, Legal Aspects of, General
12.4.1; 9.3.1 . . . . . . . Financial Support for Abortion
12.4.1; 12.5.3 . . . . . . Gag Rule
12.4.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Hyde Amendment
12.4.1; 12.5.3 . . . . . . Rust v. Sullivan (1991)

12.4.2 LEGAL INTERESTS OF WOMAN, FATHER, FETUS IN ABORTION

12.4.2; 8.3.2 . . . . . . . Casey, Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. (1992)
12.4.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Fetus, Legal Interests in Abortion
12.4.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal Interests of Father in Abortion
12.4.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal Interests of Fetus in Abortion
12.4.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal Interests of Woman in Abortion
12.4.2; 8.3.2 . . . . . . . Parental Notification, Abortion
12.4.2; 8.3.2 . . . . . . . Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v. Casey (1992)
12.4.2; 9.5.5 . . . . . . . Roe v. Wade (1973)
12.4.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Wrongful Death of Fetus

12.4.3 LEGAL INTERESTS OF HEALTH PERSONNEL IN ABORTION

12.4.3; 12.3; 8.1 . . . . Conscience Clauses re: Abortion
12.4.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal Interests of Health Personnel in Abortion
12.4.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . Legal Interests of Institutions in Abortion

12.4.4 ABORTION (BILLS, LAWS AND CASES)
(SN: Only legal documents go in this category; do not use this for articles about court cases or about laws)

12.5.1 SOCIAL ASPECTS OF ABORTION, GENERAL

12.5.1 (9.2; 12.4.1 or 12.4.2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Abortion, Access to
12.5.1; 21.1 . . . . . . . . Abortion, Political Aspects
12.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Abortion, Social Aspects of, General
12.5.1 (9.2; 12.4.1 or 12.4.2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Access to Abortion
12.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Psychological Aspects of Abortion

12.5.2 ATTITUDES TOWARD ABORTION

12.5.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Abortion, Attitudes Toward
12.5.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Demographic Surveys on Abortion
12.5.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Public Opinion on Abortion

12.5.3 ABORTION COUNSELING

12.5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . Counseling, Abortion

13.1 POPULATION, GENERAL

13.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Food Crisis
13.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Population, General
13.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . World Hunger

13.2 POPULATION GROWTH

13.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Population Growth
13.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ZPG (zero population growth)

13.3 POPULATION POLICY
(SN: Control methods encouraged; advocacy by government)

13.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Birth Control (population policy)
13.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Family Planning (population policy)
13.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Population Control Incentives
13.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Population Policy

14.1 REPRODUCTION/REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES

14.1; 9.5.7; 11.2 . . . . Adolescent Pregnancy
14.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Adoption
14.1; 19.1 . . . . . . . . . Artificial Womb
14.1; 15.1 . . . . . . . . . Biotechnology and Reproduction
14.1; 19.1 . . . . . . . . . Ectogenesis
14.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fertility
14.1; 9.7 . . . . . . . . . . Fertility Drugs
14.1; 7.1; 13.1 . . . . . . Fertility Surveys
14.1; 19.1 . . . . . . . . . In Vitro Gestation (IVG)
14.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Infertility
14.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Parenthood
14.1; 15.1 . . . . . . . . . Paternity Tests
14.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reproductive Technologies
14.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Right to Procreate
14.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Right to Reproduce
14.1; 9.5.2 . . . . . . . . . Right to Reproduction, Age Factors
14.1; 18.5.4 . . . . . . . . Warnock Report (Great Britain)

14.2 ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION AND SURROGACY

14.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AID (artificial insemination by donor)
14.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AIH (artificial insemination by husband)
14.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Artificial Insemination
14.2; 19.5 (14.6) . . . . Donation of Eggs
14.2; 19.5 (14.6) . . . . Donation of Gametes
14.2 (14.6) . . . . . . . . . Donation of Oocytes
14.2; 19.5 (14.6) . . . . Donation of Ovum
14.2; 19.5 (14.6) . . . . Donation of Sperm
14.2; 19.5 (14.6) . . . . Gamete Donation
14.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Host Mothers
14.2; 15.1 . . . . . . . . . Johnson v. Calvert (1993)
14.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Matter of Baby M (1988)
14.2; 20.1; 19.5; 8.3.3 Posthumous Conception
14.2; 20.1 (19.5; 8.3.3) Posthumous Reproduction
14.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Surrogate Mothers

14.3 SEX PREDETERMINATION/PRESELECTION

14.3 (15.2 or 15.3) . . . Predetermination, Sex
14.3 (15.2 or 15.3) . . . Preselection, Sex
14.3; 12.1 . . . . . . . . . Selective Reduction
14.3; 12.1 . . . . . . . . . Sex Selection, Abortion

14.4 IN VITRO FERTILIZATION AND EMBRYO TRANSFER

14.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ART (assisted reproductive technologies)
14.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Assisted Reproduction
14.4; 14.6; 20.1; 8.3.3 Diane Blood
14.4; 19.5 (14.6) . . . . Embryo Donation
14.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Embryo Lavage
14.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Embryo Transfer
14.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ICSI (intracytoplasmic sperm injection)
14.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IVF (in vitro fertilization)
14.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GIFT (gamete intrafallopian transfer)
14.4 or 14.2; 19.5 . . . Ovum Donation
14.4 or 14.2; 19.5 . . . Sperm, Donation of
14.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ZIFT (zygote intrafallopian transfer)

14.5 CLONING

14.5; 15.1; 22.2 or 22.3 Cloning, Animals
14.5; 15.1 (14.1) . . . . Cloning, Reproductive
14.5; 15.1; 18.5.4 . . . Cloning, Research
14.5; 15.1; 18.5.4 . . . Cloning, Therapeutic
14.5; 15.1 (14.1) . . . . Reproductive Cloning
14.5; 15.1; 18.7; 22.3 Stem Cell Animal Cloning
14.5; 18.5.4 . . . . . . . . Therapeutic Cloning

14.6 CRYOBANKING OF SPERM, OVA, OR EMBRYOS

14.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Davis v. Davis (1993)
14.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Embryo Cryobanking
14.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Freezing
14.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hecht v. Superior Court (Kane) (1993)
14.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kass v. Kass
14.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ovum Cryobanking
14.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sperm Banks
14.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sperm Cryobanking
14.6; 8.1 . . . . . . . . . . York v. Jones (1989)

15.1 GENETICS, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, AND MICROBIOLOGY, GENERAL

15.1; 9.7; 9.5.4; 15.11 BiDil
15.1; 1.3.12 (18.*) . . . Biobanks (genetics)
15.1; 1.3.12 (18.*) . . . Biological Specimen Banks (genetic)
15.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Biotechnology - Genetics (for general aspects of biotechnology use 5.1)
15.1; 19.1 (18.3; 18.5.*) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cell Lines
15.1; 22.2 . . . . . . . . . Chimera, Animal
15.1; 18.1; 22.2 (4.4) . Chimera, Animal-Human
15.1; 1.3.12 (8.4; 15.11) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DeCODE (Iceland)
15.1; 1.3.12 . . . . . . . . DNA Databanks
15.1; 1.3.12; 15.11 (18.+) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DNA Databanks, Population
15.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DNA Research
15.1; 4.5 [can use other 15s as primary] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Enhancement, Genetic
15.1; 1.3.5 . . . . . . . . . Fingerprinting, DNA
15.1, 1.3.12 . . . . . . . . Genetic Databases
15.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Genetic Diseases
15.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Genetic Disorders
15.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Genetic Engineering, General
15.1; 4.5 (15.4; 15.5; 15.6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Genetic Enhancement
15.1; 1.3.5 . . . . . . . . . Genetic Fingerprinting
15.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Genetic Information, General
15.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Genetic Intervention
15.1; 8.4 . . . . . . . . . . Genetic Privacy
15.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Genetic Research
15.1; 22.2 or 22.3 (1.3.11) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Genetically-Altered Animals
15.1; 1.3.11 . . . . . . . . Genetically-Altered Crops
15.1; 1.3.11 (22.3) . . . Genetically-Altered Food
15.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Genetically-Altered Microbes
15.1 (1.3.11; 22.3) . . . Genetically-Altered Organisms
15.1; 1.3.11 . . . . . . . . Genetically-Altered Plants
15.1, 22.2 or 22.3 . . . Genetically-Modified Animals
15.1; 1.3.11 . . . . . . . . Genetically-Modified Crops
15.1; 1.3.11 . . . . . . . . Genetically-Modified Food
15.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Genetically-Modified Microbes
15.1 (1.3.11; 22.3) . . . Genetically-Modified Organisms
15.1; 1.3.11 . . . . . . . . Genetically-Modified Plants
15.1; 9.3.1 . . . . . . . . . Genetics and Health Insurance
15.1; 3.1 . . . . . . . . . . Genetics and Race
15.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Genetics, General
15.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Genomics
15.1; 1.3.11 (22.3) . . . GMO (genetically-modified organisms)
15.1; 22.2 (1.3.11; 22.3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hybrids
15.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Microbiology, General
15.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Molecular Biology, General
15.1; 1.3.11 . . . . . . . . Nutrigenomics, GMOs in
15.1; 9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . Nutrigenomics, Health Issue (e.g. allergy)
15.1; 9.5.1 . . . . . . . . . Personalized Medicine
15.1; 9.7 . . . . . . . . . . Pharmacogenetics
15.1; 1.3.12; 15.11 (18.+) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Population Biobanks
15.1; 8.4 . . . . . . . . . . Privacy, Genetic
15.1; 9.7 . . . . . . . . . . Pharmacogenomics
15.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recombinant DNA Industry
15.1; 5.3 . . . . . . . . . . Regulation of Genetics
15.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selfish Genetic Elements
15.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Synthetic Biology
15.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Systems Biology
15.1; 19.5 . . . . . . . . . Tissue Banks, Genetic Research
15.1; 19.5 . . . . . . . . . Tissue Donation, Genetic Research
15.1; 19.5 . . . . . . . . . Tissue Research, Genetic
15.1; 22.2 or 22.3 (1.3.11) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transgenic Animals
15.1; 1.3.11 (15.7) . . . Transgenic Plants
15.1; 1.3.11; 9.7 (15.7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transgenic Plants for Vaccines

15.2 GENETIC COUNSELING/PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS

(SN: Pertains to specific individuals at risk to produce offspring with genetic abnormalities)

15.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Alphafetoprotein Screening
15.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Amniocentesis
15.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chorionic Villi Sampling
15.2 or 15.3 or 15.4 . . Clinical Genetics
15.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Congenital Defects
15.2 (14.4) . . . . . . . . . Embryo Biopsy
15.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Genetic Counseling
15.2 or 15.3 or 15.4 . . Genetic Services
15.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . PGD (preimplantation genetic diagnosis)
15.2; 14.4 . . . . . . . . . Preimplantation Diagnosis
15.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prenatal Diagnosis
15.2, 14.4; 19.5; 4.4 . Savior Sibling
15.2 (or 9.5.8 if not genetic) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Wrongful Life

15.3 GENETIC SCREENING

(SN: Pertains to testing of population groups to locate carriers of disadvantageous genetic traits)

15.3 or 15.2 or 15.4 . . Clinical Genetics
15.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diseases, Genetic Screening for
15.3; 16.3 . . . . . . . . . Employment Screening, Genetic
15.3 (1.3.12; 8.4) . . . . Genetic Data
15.3; 16.3 (8.4) . . . . . Genetic Discrimination, Employment
15.3; 9.3.1 (8.4) . . . . . Genetic Discrimination, Insurance
15.3; 16.3 . . . . . . . . . Genetic Screening in Employment
15.3 or 15.2 or 15.4 . . Genetic Services
15.3; 16.3 . . . . . . . . . Genetics and Employment Screening
15.3; 8.4 . . . . . . . . . . Norman-Bloodsaw v. Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories (1998)
15.3; 9.5.7 . . . . . . . . . PKU Screening of Infants
15.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Screening, Genetic

15.4 GENE THERAPY

(SN: Gene replacement therapy to repair or replace defective genes; our emphasis is on replacement)

15.4 or 15.2 or 15.3 . . Clinical Genetics
15.4; 18.3 . . . . . . . . . Gelsinger (hearing, not a legal case)
15.4 (4.5) . . . . . . . . . . Genetic Modification (gene therapy/gene transfer)
15.4 or 15.2 or 15.3 . . Genetic Services
15.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Germline Genetic Engineering
15.4; 14.1 . . . . . . . . . Germline Gene Therapy
15.4; 4.5 (14.5) . . . . . Inheritable Genetic Modification
15.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Somatic Gene Therapy

15.5 EUGENICS

(SN: Control of breeding to “improve race”; see also 21.4 for Nazi Eugenics and 11.3 for Eugenic Sterilization)

15.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Negative Eugenics
15.5; 14.6 . . . . . . . . . Nobel Sperm Bank
15.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Positive Eugenics
15.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Social Darwinism

15.6 BEHAVIORAL GENETICS

15.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Genetic Aspects of Aggression
15.6; 1.3.5 . . . . . . . . . Genetic Aspects of Crime
15.6; 10 . . . . . . . . . . . Genetic Aspects of Sexuality
15.6; 9.1 . . . . . . . . . . Genetic Aspects of Violence
15.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Genetic Determinism
15.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Genetics, Behavioral
15.6; 10 . . . . . . . . . . . Homosexuality, Genetic Aspects
15.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Intelligence Tests
15.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IQ Controversy
15.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nature-Nurture Debate
15.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Psychiatric Genetics
15.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XYY Chromosomal Disorder

15.7 BIOHAZARDS OF GENETIC RESEARCH

 
15.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Asilomar Conference
15.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hazards of Recombinant DNA Research

15.8 GENETIC PATENTS

15.8, 22.3 . . . . . . . . . Animal Patenting
15.8; 1.3.11 . . . . . . . . Arzberger
15.8; 5.1 . . . . . . . . . . Bergy, Application of (1977)
15.8; 5.1 . . . . . . . . . . Chakrabarty
15.8; 5.1 . . . . . . . . . . Diamond, Commissioner of Patients and Trademarks v. Chakrabarty (1980)
15.8; 1.3.11 . . . . . . . . Funk Brothers Seed Co. v. Kalo Inoculant Co. (1948)
15.8; 1.3.11 . . . . . . . . In re Arzberger (1940)
15.8; 4.4 . . . . . . . . . . Mo Cell (patenting cell line)
15.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Patenting Body Parts/Fluids
15.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Patenting Organisms
15.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Patents, Genetic
15.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Property Rights

15.9 SOCIOBIOLOGY

 (SN: Biological basis of social behavior)

15.10 GENOME MAPPING

15.10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Genome Mapping
15.10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Human Genome Project

15.11 GENETICS AND HUMAN ANCESTRY

15.11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Genetic Ancestry
15.11; 15.10 . . . . . . . HapMap
15.11; 21.1 . . . . . . . . Human Genome Diversity Project
15.11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kinship, Genetic
15.11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pedigree, Genetic
15.11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Population Genetics
15.11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . Race and Genetics

16.1 ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY, GENERAL

16.1; 21.3 . . . . . . . . . Agent Orange
16.1; 9.1 (1.3.9; 18.+; 21.1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Biomonitoring, Human /Environmental Monitoring
16.1; 1.1; 10 . . . . . . . Ecofeminism
16.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ecology
16.1; 9.1 . . . . . . . . . . Environment and Health
16.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Environmental Ethics
16.1; 9.5.4 . . . . . . . . . Environmental Justice
16.1; 9.1 (1.3.9; 18.+; 21.1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Environmental Monitoring / Biomonitoring, Human

16.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Environmental Quality, General
16.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Land Ethic
16.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Love Canal
16.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Obligations to Future Generations
16.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Relationship with Nature
16.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Toxic Waste

16.2 NUCLEAR POWER

16.2; 21.3 . . . . . . . . . Nuclear Weapons
16.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Power, Nuclear
16.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Radiation Exposure

16.3 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

16.3; 9.5.9 . . . . . . . . . Employee Drug Testing
16.3; 9.1 . . . . . . . . . . Employment Screening
16.3; 9.5.5; 9.5.8 . . . . Fetal Protection Policies
16.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Industrial Medicine
16.3; 9.5.5; 9.5.8 . . . . Johnson Controls Case
16.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Occupational Health
16.3; 9.5.9 . . . . . . . . . Occupational Drug Testing
16.3; 9.1 (15.3) . . . . . Occupational Screening
16.3; 9.1 (15.3) . . . . . Preemployment Screening

17.1 NEUROSCIENCES AND MENTAL HEALTH THERAPIES, GENERAL

17.1; 8.3.3; 8.3.4 (17.4; 17.7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Advance Directives in Psychiatry
17.1; 9.5.2 . . . . . . . . . Alzheimer’s Disease
17.1; 9.5.2 . . . . . . . . . Dementia
17.1; 4.5 [can use other 17s as primary] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Enhancement, Neuro-
17.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mental Health Therapies, General
17.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mentally Ill, Health Care for
17.1; 4.5 [can use other 17s as primary]. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Neuroenhancement
17.1; 4.4 (4.5; 17.4; 15.1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Neuroethics
17.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Neuroscience, General

17.1; 4.1.2; 1.3.1 . . . . Professionalism in Psychiatry/Psychiatrists
17.1; 8.3.3; 8.3.4 (17.4; 17.7). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Psychiatric Wills
17.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Psychological Aspects
17.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Psychological Counseling
17.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Psychology
17.1 (4.4) . . . . . . . . . . PVS (Persistent Vegetative State), Therapies
17.1; 1.3.5 . . . . . . . . . Therapeutic Justice

17.1; 8.3.3; 8.3.4 (17.4; 17.7). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ulysses Contracts

17.2 PSYCHOTHERAPY

17.2; 4.1.1; 1.3.1 . . . . Professionalism in Psychology/Psychotherapy/ Psychologists
17.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Psychoanalysis
17.2; 10; 7.4 . . . . . . . Psychotherapist-Patient Sexual Relations
17.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Psychotherapy

17.3 BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION

17.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Behavior Modification
17.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Brainwashing
17.3; 1.3.5 . . . . . . . . . Brainwashing by Government Agents
17.3; 10; 17.4; 1.3.5 . Depo-Provera for Sex Offenders
17.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Mind Control
17.3; 1.3.5 . . . . . . . . . Mind Control by Government Agents
17.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Operant Conditioning
17.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Physical Restraints
17.3; 9.5.2 . . . . . . . . . Physical Restraints for Aged
17.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Skinnerian Conditioning

17.4 PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS

17.4; 10 . . . . . . . . . . . Castration, Chemical
17.4; 10; 1.3.5 . . . . . . Castration, Chemical (prisoners)
17.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Drugs, Psychoactive
17.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prozac
17.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Psychopharmacology
17.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ritalin
17.4; 8.3.3; 18.4 . . . . T.D. v. New York State Office of Mental Health (1997)

17.5 ELECTRICAL STIMULATION OF THE BRAIN

17.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Brain, Electrical Stimulation
17.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electroconvulsive Shock Therapy
17.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Electroshock

17.6 PSYCHOSURGERY

17.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lobotomies
17.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Psychosurgery

17.7 INVOLUNTARY CIVIL COMMITMENT

17.7 (4.3) . . . . . . . . . . Asylums
17.7; 8.3.2 . . . . . . . . . Civil Commitment of Minors
17.7 (17.8) . . . . . . . . . Coercion in Mental Health
17.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deinstitutionalization
17.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Institutionalization
17.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Involuntary Civil Commitment
17.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Least Restrictive Alternative
17.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Outpatient Commitment
17.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Voluntary Commitment

17.8 INSTITUTIONALIZED TO TREATMENT, RIGHT OF THE

17.8 or 8.3.4 . . . . . . . Enforced Treatment
17.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prisoners Right to Health Care in Mental Hospitals
17.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Right to Psychiatric Treatment
17.8; 8.3.4 . . . . . . . . . Right to Refuse Psychiatric Treatment

18.1 HUMAN EXPERIMENTATION, GENERAL

18.1; 9.3.1 . . . . . . . . . Compensation for Research Injury
18.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Human Tissue Research
18.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nontherapeutic Research, General
18.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Therapeutic Research, General

18.2 HUMAN EXPERIMENTATION POLICY GUIDELINES

18.2; 5.2; 18.3 . . . . . . Belmont Report
18.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clinical Trial Guidelines
18.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Common Rule
18.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Helsinki, Declaration of
18.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Human Experimentation Policy Guidelines
18.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Institutional Review Boards
18.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IRBs
18.2; 18.3; 6 (21.4) . . Nuremberg Code
18.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Randomized Trial Design
18.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Research Design
18.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Review Committees
18.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Selection of Subjects (human experimentation)
18.2; 18.5.1 . . . . . . . . Sham Surgery/Operation

18.3 INFORMED CONSENT (HUMAN EXPERIMENTATION)

18.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Assent of Minors in Research
18.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Informed Consent to Human Experimentation
18.3; 8.2; 4.4 . . . . . . . Moore v. Regents of the University of California (1990- 1991)
18.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Placebos in Human Experimentation
18.3 (5.2) . . . . . . . . . . Risk Disclosure in Research

18.4 BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH

18.4 (15.6) . . . . . . . . . Aggression Research
18.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Behavioral Effects of Television
18.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Behavioral Research
18.4; 8.2 (18.3) . . . . . Deception in Behavioral Research
18.4; 8.2; 1.3.9 (18.3) Milgram, Stanley
18.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Violence Research

18.5.1 RESEARCH ON SPECIAL POPULATIONS, GENERAL

18.5.1; 16.2 . . . . . . . . Experiments, Radiation
18.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Handicapped, Research on
18.5.1 or specific; 21.4; 1.3.9 (1.3.7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Holocaust Medical Experimentation Data Use
18.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Minorities, Research on

18.5.1 or specific; 21.4; 1.3.9 (1.3.7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nazi Data Use
18.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Research on Aborigines
18.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Research on General Population
18.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Research on Neomorts
18.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Research on Physically Disabled
18.5.1; 15.1 (19.1) . . . Stem Cell Research, Adult
18.5.1; 2.2; 18.3; 10 . Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in the Negro Male
18.5.1; 2.2; 18.3; 10 . Tuskegee Syphilis Experiments
18.5.1; 2.2; 18.3; 10 . United States Public Health Service Study of Syphilis at Tuskegee

18.5.2 RESEARCH ON NEWBORNS AND MINORS

18.5.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Research on Adolescents
18.5.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Research on Children
18.5.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Research on Infants
18.5.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Research on Minors
18.5.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Research on Newborns

18.5.3 RESEARCH ON WOMEN

18.5.3 (18.5.4) . . . . . . Research on Pregnant Women
18.5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . Women, Research on

18.5.4 RESEARCH ON EMBRYOS AND FETUSES

18.5.4; 14.5; 15.1 . . . Altered Nuclear Transfer
18.5.4; 19.5 (14.6) . . . Embryo Donation for Research
18.5.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . Embryos, Human Experimentation
18.5.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . Fetus, Human Experimentation on
18.5.4; 12.1 . . . . . . . . Research on Aborted Fetuses
18.5.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . Research on Embryos
18.5.4 (18.5.3) . . . . . . Research on Fetuses
18.5.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . Zygote (human experimentation)

18.5.5 RESEARCH ON PRISONERS

18.5.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . Research on Prisoners

18.5.6 RESEARCH ON MENTALLY ILL AND DISABLED PERSONS

18.5.6; 16.2; 18.5.2 . . Experiments, Radiation, School
18.5.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . Research on Mentally Ill and Disabled Persons

18.5.7 RESEARCH ON ELDERLY AND TERMINALLY ILL PERSONS

18.5.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . Aged, Human Experimentation on
18.5.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . Research on Elderly Persons
18.5.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . Research on Terminally Ill Persons

18.5.8 RESEARCH MILITARY OR GOVERNMENT PERSONNEL

18.5.8; 16.2 . . . . . . . . Experiments, Radiation, Military
18.5.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . Research on Government Personnel
18.5.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . Research on Military Personnel
18.5.8; 18.5.9; 21.3; 21.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unit 731

18.5.9 RESEARCH ON FOREIGN NATIONALS

18.6 SOCIAL CONTROL OF HUMAN EXPERIMENTATION
(SN: Groups outside the bio-medical professioncontrolling human experimentation; general discussions of social or government control)

18.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Clinical Trial Registries
18.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Community Consent to Research

18.7 STEM CELL RESEARCH

18.7; 15.1 (19.+) . . . . Stem Cell Research
18.7; 15.1 (19.+) . . . . Stem Cell Research, Adult
18.7; 15.1; 18.5.4 (19.+) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stem Cell Research, Human Embryonic
18.7; 15.1; 18.5.4 (19.+) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stem Cell Research on Fetuses

19.1 ARTIFICIAL AND TRANSPLANTED ORGANS OR TISSUES, GENERAL

19.1; 18.5.4; 12.1 . . . Aborted Fetuses, Tissue Transplantation
19.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Artificial Organs, General
19.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Artificial Tissues, General
19.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bone Marrow Transplantation
19.1; 9.3.1 . . . . . . . . Commercial Aspects of Tranplantation
19.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Corneal Transplantation
19.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Liver Transplantation
19.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lung Transplantation
19.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pancreas Transplantation
19.1; 15.1 . . . . . . . . . Tissue Engineering
19.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transplanted Organs or Tissues, General
19.1; 22.2 . . . . . . . . . Xenografting
19.1; 22.2 . . . . . . . . . Xenotransplantation

19.2 HEART TRANSPLANTATION

19.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Artificial Heart
19.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Transplantation, Heart

19.3 KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION

19.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Artificial Kidney
19.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hemodialysis
19.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kidney Dialysis
19.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Renal Dialysis

19.4 BLOOD

19.4 (19.5) . . . . . . . . . Blood Banks
19.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Blood Transfusion
19.4; 9.5.7 . . . . . . . . . Cord Blood Banks

19.5 DONATION/PROCUREMENT OF ORGANS AND TISSUES

19.5; 18.1 (8.3.2; 18.3) Alder Hey Inquiry
19.5; 4.4 . . . . . . . . . . Ayala Case (conceive child to be bone marrow donor for sibling)
19.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Biological Specimen Banks (transplantation)
19.5; 19.4 . . . . . . . . . Blood Donation
19.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bone Marrow Donation
19.5; 20.2.1 . . . . . . . . Brain Death Donors
19.5; 18.1 (8.3.2; 18.3) Bristol Inquiry
19.5; 8.3.3 . . . . . . . . . Brotherton v. Cleveland (1991)
19.5; 20.1 . . . . . . . . . Cadaver Procurement
19.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Directed Donation
19.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Donation of Body Parts and Fluids
19.5; 18.5.4 (12.1) . . . Fetal Tissue Transplantation
19.5; 9.3.1 (1.3.2) . . . Marketing of Organs
19.5; 20.2.1 . . . . . . . . Neomorts in Transplantation
19.5; 20.2.1 (19.2) . . . Non-Beating Heart Donors
19.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Organ Banks
19.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Organ Donation
19.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Organ Procurement
19.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Organ Procurement
19.5; 8.3.1 . . . . . . . . . Presumed Consent (organ procurement)
19.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Procurement, Body Parts/Fluids
19.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Required Request (organ procurement)
19.5; 9.3.1 (1.3.2) . . . Sale of Organs
19.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tissue Banks
19.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tissue Donation
19.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tissue Procurement
19.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Trafficking, Organs
19.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . UAGA
19.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Uniform Anatomical Gift Act

19.6 ALLOCATION OF ORGANS AND TISSUES

19.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Allocation of Body Parts and Fluids
19.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Allocation of Organs
19.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Allocation of Tissues
19.6; 21.1 . . . . . . . . . Foreign National as Recipients of Organs
19.6; 19.2; 9.8; 20.5.1; 21.1; 9.3.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Santillan Case (Jesica)

20.1 DEATH AND DYING, GENERAL

20.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Autopsy
20.1; 8.3.3 . . . . . . . . . Consent for Autopsy
20.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cryonic Suspension (life extention)
20.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dying

20.2.1 DEFINITION OR DETERMINATION OF DEATH, GENERAL

20.2.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Brain Death
20.2.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Cerebral Death
20.2.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Determination of Death, General

20.2.2 DEFINITION OF DEATH, BILLS, LAWS AND CASES ON

20.2.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Brain Death (Bills, Laws and Cases)
20.2.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Definition of Death (Bills, Laws and Cases)

20.3.1 ATTITUDES TOWARD DEATH, GENERAL

20.3.2 ATTITUDES TOWARD DEATH, HEALTH PERSONNEL

20.3.3 ATTITUDES TOWARD DEATH, FAMILY

20.3.4 DEATH EDUCATION

20.4.1 CARE OF THE DYING PATIENT, GENERAL

20.4.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Care of the Dying Patient, General
20.4.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Care of the Hopelessly Ill
20.4.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Care of the Terminally Ill
20.4.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . End-of-Life Care
20.4.1; 9.5.9 . . . . . . . Heroin Use for the Terminally Ill
20.4.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Hospices
20.4.1; 9.5.9 . . . . . . . Marijuana Use for Terminally Ill
20.4.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Palliative Care, Terminal Illness
20.4.1, 9.7 (20.5.1) . . Terminal Sedation

20.4.2 CARE OF THE DYING CHILD

20.4.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Palliative Care for Children

20.5.1 PROLONGATION OF LIFE AND EUTHANASIA, GENERAL

20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Allowing to Die, General
20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Artificial Feeding
20.5.1; 4.5 (9.5.2) . . . Biogerontologists (specialists in life extension)
20.5.1; 20.7 . . . . . . . . Bouvia Case, Elizabeth

20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Coma
20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Death with Dignity
20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . DNR Orders
20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Do-Not-Resuscitate Orders
20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Enteral Feeding
20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Euthanasia, General
20.5.1; 4.1.2; 21.4; 2.2 (1.3.5; 7.1) . . . . . . . .  Euthanasia, Participation of Doctors/Physicians during the Nazi Period
20.5.1; 4.1.3; 21.4; 2.2 (1.3.5; 7.1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Euthanasia, Participation of Nurses during the Nazi Period

20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Extraordinary Treatment
20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Food (artificial feeding)
20.5.1; 9.4 (8.1) . . . . . Futility
20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Heroic Measures
20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Involuntary Euthanasia
20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Letting Die / Killing
20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Life Extension
20.5.1; 4.5 (9.5.2) . . . Life Span
20.5.1; 4.5 (9.5.2) . . . Life Span Extension
20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . MCS (Minimally Conscious State)
20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Minimally Conscious State (MCS, like coma, PVS)
20.5.1; 4.1.2; 21.4; 2.2 (1.3.5; 7.1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nazi Period, Participation of Doctors/Physicians in Euthanasia
20.5.1; 4.1.3; 21.4; 2.2 (1.3.5; 7.1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nazi Period, Participation of Nurses in Euthanasia
20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . No-Code Orders
20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Nutrition (artificial feeding)
20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Parenteral Feeding
20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Passive Euthanasia
20.5.1 (4.4) . . . . . . . . Persistent Vegetative State (PVS), Allowing to Die
20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Prolongation of Life, General
20.5.1, 4.5 (9.5.2) . . . Prolongation of Life Span
20.5.1 (4.4) . . . . . . . . PVS (Persistent Vegetative State), Allowing to Die
20.5.1; 4.5 . . . . . . . . . Rejuvenation
20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Resuscitation
20.5.1 (4.4; 20.5.4) . . Schiavo, Terri
20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Slow Codes
20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Vegetative State
20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Voluntary Euthanasia
20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Withdrawing Treatment
20.5.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . Withholding Treatment

20.5.2 ALLOWING MINORS TO DIE

20.5.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Allowing Children to Die
20.5.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Allowing Infants to Die
20.5.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Allowing Minors to Die
20.5.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Anencephalic Infants
20.5.2; 19.5 . . . . . . . . Anencephalic Infants (as organ donors)
20.5.2; 20.2.1; 19.5 . . In re T.A.C.P. (1992)
20.5.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Infanticide
20.5.2 (4.4) . . . . . . . . Jodie and Mary, Case of (cojoined twins)
20.5.2; 8.3.2 . . . . . . . Matter of Baby K (1994)
20.5.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . Newborns, Allowing to Die

20.5.3 PROLONGATION OF LIFE AND EUTHANASIA, BILLS, LAWS AND CASES

20.5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . Euthanasia (Bills, Laws and Cases)
20.5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . Prolongation of Life (Bills, Laws and Cases)

20.5.4 LIVING WILLS/ADVANCE DIRECTIVES

20.5.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . Advance Directives
20.5.4 (8.3.3) . . . . . . . Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care
20.5.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . Living Wills
20.5.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical Directives
20.5.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . Patient Self Determination Act (PSDA)

20.6 CAPITAL PUNISHMENT

20.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Death Penalty
20.6; 17.1 (4.3; 17.4) . Psychiatrists and Capital Punishment
20.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Punishment, Capital

20.7 SUICIDE/ASSISTED SUICIDE

20.7; 20.5.1 . . . . . . . . Assisted Suicide, General
20.7; 20.5.1 . . . . . . . . Compassion in Dying v. State of Washington (1996)
20.7; 20.5.1 . . . . . . . . Kevorkian Case (suicide machine)
20.7; 20.5.1; 8.1 . . . . Physician Assisted Suicide
20.7; 20.5.1 . . . . . . . . Quill v. Vacco (1996)
20.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Suicide
20.7; 20.5.1 . . . . . . . . Suicide Machine

21.1 INTERNATIONAL AND POLITICAL DIMENSIONS OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, GENERAL

21.1; 3.1 . . . . . . . . . . Biopolitics
21.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Developing World
21.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Human Rights
21.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Immigration
21.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . International Aspects
21.1; 9.1; 9.3.1 (9.5.1; 19.1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Medical Tourism
21.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Political Activities
21.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Political Activism in Biology
21.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Political Activism in Medicine
21.1 (9.2; 21.4; 9.5.4) Racism
21.1 (1.3.5 or 1.3.6; 21.2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Terrorism
21.1; 9.1; 9.3.1 (9.5.1; 19.1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tourism, Medical

21.2 WAR

21.2; 1.2 . . . . . . . . . . Just War
21.2; 7.1 . . . . . . . . . . Medical Groups Against War
21.2; 16.2 . . . . . . . . . Nuclear War
21.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . War
21.2; 16.1 . . . . . . . . . Weather W arfare

21.3 BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL WEAPONS

21.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bioterrorism
21.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Chemical and Biological Weapons
21.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Germ Warfare

21.4 TORTURE AND GENOCIDE

(SN: Includes torture of prisoners by health personnel)

21.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Genocide
21.4 (15.5; 1.3.5) . . . . Holocaust
21.4; 1.3.5 (15.5) . . . . National Socialism
21.4; 1.3.5 (15.5) . . . . Nazism
21.4; 17.7 . . . . . . . . . Political Dissidents in Mental Hospitals
21.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Torture

21.5 PRISONERS AND DETAINEES

21.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Force Feeding of Prisoners
21.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hunger Strikes

21.6 INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION OF HEALTH PROFESSIONALS

21.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Brain Drain

21.7 CULTURAL PLURALISM
(SN: Also used for writings on only a single culture)

21.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Competence, Cultural
21.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cultural Competence
21.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cultural Pluralism
21.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Multiculturalism
21.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pluralism, Cultural

22.1 ANIMAL WELFARE

22.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Animal Rights, General
22.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Companion Animals
22.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife (1992)
22.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pets
22.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sierra Club v. Morton, Secretary of Interior (1972)
22.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Speciesism
22.1; 1.1 . . . . . . . . . . Vegetarianism
22.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Welfare of Animals
22.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Zoo Animals

22.2 ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION

22.2 (22.1) . . . . . . . . . Animal Care Committees
22.2; 15.8 . . . . . . . . . Chimeras
22.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Experimentation on Animal
22.2 (22.1) . . . . . . . . . IACUC (Institutional Animal Case and Use Committee)
22.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Laboratory Animals
22.2; 15.8 . . . . . . . . . Transgenic Animals
22.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vivisection

22.3 ANIMAL PRODUCTION

22.3; 1.3.11 . . . . . . . . Animal Husbandry
22.3; 15.1 . . . . . . . . . Biotechnology - Animals
22.3; 1.3.11; 9.1 . . . . Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE)
22.3; 1.3.11; 9.1 . . . . BSE (Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy)
22.3; 1.3.11 . . . . . . . . Farm Animals
22.3; 1.3.11 (5.3) . . . . Mad Cow Disease
22.3; 1.3.11 . . . . . . . . Production of Animals